Soil has been a source of wealth for humans since thousands of years and it continues at present. But long-term application of chemical fertilizers has resulted in the degeneration of the soil quality parameters such as pH, EC, soil microbial biomass and nutrient content which in turn affects crop productivity. A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of halophytic compost along with farmyard manure and Rhizobium on soil microbial population and crop yield in Vigna mungo. Six treatments were set and were: Control (no application of halophytic compost), T₁ (Sesuvium portulacastrum @ 6.25 t ha^-1compost), T₂ (Suaeda maritima compost @ 6.25 t ha^-1), T₃ (Sesuvium portulacastrum compost @ 6.25 t ha^-1 + Farmyard manure @ 3.13 t h^-1), T₄ (Suaeda maritima compost @ 6.25 t ha^-1 + Farmyard manure @ 3.13 t h^-1), T₅ (Sesuvium portulacastrum compost @ 6.25 t ha^-1+ Farmyard manure @ 3.13 th^-1 + Rhizobium @ 2 kg ha^-1 ) and T₆ Suaeda maritima compost @ 6.25 t ha-1+ Farmyard manure @ 3.13 th-1 + Rhizobium @ 2kg ha^-1. The results showed that soil microbial population as well as crop yield increased with the application of halophytic compost. Compared with control and other halophytic treatments, the application of Suaeda maritima compost @6.25 t h^-1 + Farmyard manure @ 3.13 t h^-1 + Rhizobium @ 2 kg h^-1 treated soil significantly increased the soil microbial population such as bacteria, fungi, actionomycetes and Rhizobium and crop productivity such as number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, pod length and seed weight per gram in black gram. The results demonstrate that continuous application of halophytic compost could increase soil biological fertility level.