Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using magnesium nitrate and Cicer arientinum as a fuel via a simple and eco-friendly solution combustion technique. XRD, FTIR, UV-DRS, SEM and EDAX have characterized the structure and morphology of the substance. XRD indicates that the prepared product belongs to the cubic phase system, the average crystallite size of 14 nm. In FTIR, the band at 551 cm-1 was indicates the Mg- O bonding. SEM photos showed that the Particles were agglomerated and the structure of a sponge was created. Characterized nanoparticles were subjected to degrade MB dye, photocatalytic and biological (antimicrobial) activities. Bactericidal efficacy was evaluated against Klebsiella aerogenes, E. coli, and s. aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) was exhibited by MgO NPs. By using the agar well diffusion method.