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VOL. 6, ISSUE 4 (2021)
Evaluation of isolated active principle of Acorus calamus oil for its toxicity against Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Ciceris
Authors
CO Samuel, Sandeep Chaudhary, Anamika Tripathi, KM Jagriti
Abstract
Background: Chickpea is a good source of protein and carbohydrate, together constituting about 80% of the total dry mass of seed. Besides being a very rich source of protein, it also maintains soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation. The fungi associated with seeds bring about several undesirable changes making them unfit for consumption, sowing and adversely affects the quality and health of seeds. The fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri causes destructive wilt disease in most of the popular chickpea cultivars grown in India and abroad. The present project was undertaken to isolate and identify the active principle of Acorus calamus essential oil for its antifungal efficacy against the test fungus and to explore the possibility of developing plant-based formulations for the control of wilt of chickpea. Methods: The antifungal efficacy of Acorus calamus essential oil was studied against the test fungus using ‘Poisoned Food Technique’. In treatment sets, the molten PDA medium was thoroughly mixed with desired concentration of oil in presterilized Petri plates whereas in control sets, in place of oil, distilled water was mixed. In order to isolate the active principle, the oil was subjected to column chromatography. The column was eluted with different solvents like ethyl acetate & benzene; hexane & benzene; benzene & acetone etc. in different ratios. Elutants were collected as fractions of ten mL and tested for their antifungal activity against the test fungus employing modified paper disc techniques. Result: The essential oil of Acorus calamus showed the most significant antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. The active principle of the oil was isolated and identified as α- Asarone (1, 2, 4 - Trimethoxy-5-propenyle benzene) on the basis of IR, NMR and UV spectroscopy analysis. The above investigations clearly suggest the significant potential of Acorus calamus oil and α- Asarone (the active principle) as antifungal agents against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Ciceris to control wilt of chickpea disease.
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Pages:222-227
How to cite this article:
CO Samuel, Sandeep Chaudhary, Anamika Tripathi, KM Jagriti "Evaluation of isolated active principle of <em>Acorus calamus </em>oil for its toxicity against <em>Fusarium oxysporum </em>f. Sp. <em>Ciceris</em> ". International Journal of Botany Studies, Vol 6, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 222-227
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